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Updated 09/03/24


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Key Concepts

A more perfect union is formed to establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for common defense, promote general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty

Legislative powers are vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives

The house of representatives is composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states

No person can be a representative without attaining the age of twenty-five years and being a citizen of the United States for seven years

Representatives and direct taxes are apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers

The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand

The House of Representatives chooses their Speaker and other officers and has the sole power of impeachment

The senate is composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years

No person can be a senator without attaining the age of thirty years and being a citizen of the United States for nine years

The vice president is the president of the Senate but has no vote unless they are equally divided

The senate has the sole power to try all impeachments

Judgment in cases of impeachment extends to removal from office and disqualification to hold any office under the United States

The times, places, and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives are prescribed by each state's legislature

Each house is the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members

Senators and representatives receive compensation for their services, ascertained by law and paid out of the United States Treasury

All bills for raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives

Every bill passed by the house of representatives and senate must be presented to the president before it becomes law

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States

Congress has power to borrow money on the credit of the United States

Congress has power to establish post offices and post roads

Congress has power to promote science and useful arts by securing authors' and inventors' exclusive rights to their writings and discoveries for limited times

Congress has power to define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations

Congress has power to declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water

Congress has power to raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money for that use shall be for a longer term than two years

Congress has power to provide and maintain a navy

Congress has power to make rules for the government and regulation of land and naval forces

Congress has power to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions

No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing contracts; or grant any title of nobility

The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years

No person except a natural born citizen or a citizen at the time of the adoption of the Constitution, who is at least thirty-five years old and has been a resident within the United States for fourteen years, is eligible to the office of President

The president is the commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states when called into actual service

The president has power to make treaties with the advice and consent of the Senate, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur

The president has power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session

The president can adjourn the houses of Congress in case of disagreement between them regarding the time of adjournment

The president receives ambassadors and other public ministers

The president ensures that the laws are faithfully executed

The president commissions all the officers of the United States

The judicial power of the United States is vested in one Supreme Court and in such inferior courts as Congress may establish

Judges hold their offices during good behavior and receive compensation for their services, which cannot be diminished during their continuance in office

The judicial power extends to all cases arising under the constitution, laws of the United States, and treaties made under their authority

The supreme court has original jurisdiction in all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, and those in which a state is a party

The supreme court has appellate jurisdiction in all other cases, both as to law and fact, with exceptions and regulations as congress shall make

Crimes are tried by jury except in cases of impeachment

Treason against the United States consists only in levying war against them or adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort

A person can only be convicted of treason on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or on confession in open court

Congress has the power to declare the punishment of treason

Full faith and credit is given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state

Citizens of each state are entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states

A person charged with treason, felony or other crime who flees from justice and is found in another state shall be delivered up to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime

The united states guarantees to every state in this union a republican form of government and protects them against invasion and domestic violence

Amendments to the constitution can be proposed by congress or by the legislatures of two-thirds of the several states

All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adoption of this Constitution are as valid against the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation

The constitution, laws of the United States, and treaties made under their authority are the supreme law of the land

Senators, representatives, and all executive and judicial officers are bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution

No religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States

The ratification of the conventions of nine states is sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the states so ratifying

Each house may determine its proceedings' rules, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and expel a member with two-thirds concurrence

The president, vice president, and all civil officers of the United States can be removed from office on impeachment for treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors

New states may be admitted by Congress into this union

Congress has power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, among the several states, and with Indian tribes

Congress has power to establish uniform rules of naturalization and uniform laws on bankruptcies throughout the United States

Congress has power to coin money, regulate its value, and fix the standard of weights and measures

Congress has power to provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States

Logical Relationships

Legislative powers are vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives and The times, places, and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives are prescribed by each state's legislature implies Each house is the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States implies Congress has power to borrow money on the credit of the United States.

The president is the commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states when called into actual service implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

Legislative powers are vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives implies The senate is composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years.

The president ensures that the laws are faithfully executed implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

Each house is the judge of the elections, returns, and qualifications of its own members implies Each house may determine its proceedings' rules, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and expel a member with two-thirds concurrence.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States implies Congress has power to establish uniform rules of naturalization and uniform laws on bankruptcies throughout the United States.

The senate has the sole power to try all impeachments implies Judgment in cases of impeachment extends to removal from office and disqualification to hold any office under the United States.

The president commissions all the officers of the United States implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States implies Congress has power to establish post offices and post roads.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States implies Congress has power to coin money, regulate its value, and fix the standard of weights and measures.

The house of representatives is composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states implies The House of Representatives chooses their Speaker and other officers and has the sole power of impeachment.

Representatives and direct taxes are apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers implies The number of representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand.

Legislative powers are vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives implies The house of representatives is composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states.

The senate is composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years and No person can be a senator without attaining the age of thirty years and being a citizen of the United States for nine years implies The vice president is the president of the Senate but has no vote unless they are equally divided.

The president receives ambassadors and other public ministers implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

The president has power to make treaties with the advice and consent of the Senate, provided two-thirds of the Senators present concur implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States implies Congress has power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, among the several states, and with Indian tribes.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States and Congress has power to declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water implies Congress has power to raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money for that use shall be for a longer term than two years.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States implies Congress has power to provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States.

The president has power to fill up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate by granting commissions which shall expire at the end of their next session implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

The house of representatives is composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states and No person can be a representative without attaining the age of twenty-five years and being a citizen of the United States for seven years implies Representatives and direct taxes are apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers.

Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States and Congress has power to promote science and useful arts by securing authors' and inventors' exclusive rights to their writings and discoveries for limited times implies Congress has power to define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations.

The president, vice president, and all civil officers of the United States can be removed from office on impeachment for treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

A more perfect union is formed to establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for common defense, promote general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty implies Legislative powers are vested in a Congress consisting of a Senate and House of Representatives.

Congress has power to raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money for that use shall be for a longer term than two years and Congress has power to provide and maintain a navy and Congress has power to make rules for the government and regulation of land and naval forces and Congress has power to provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions implies No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing contracts; or grant any title of nobility.

All bills for raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives and Every bill passed by the house of representatives and senate must be presented to the president before it becomes law implies Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises to pay debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States.

Each house may determine its proceedings' rules, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and expel a member with two-thirds concurrence and Senators and representatives receive compensation for their services, ascertained by law and paid out of the United States Treasury implies All bills for raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives.

No person except a natural born citizen or a citizen at the time of the adoption of the Constitution, who is at least thirty-five years old and has been a resident within the United States for fourteen years, is eligible to the office of President implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

The House of Representatives chooses their Speaker and other officers and has the sole power of impeachment and The vice president is the president of the Senate but has no vote unless they are equally divided implies The senate has the sole power to try all impeachments.

The president can adjourn the houses of Congress in case of disagreement between them regarding the time of adjournment implies The executive power is vested in a President who holds office for a term of four years.

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